Senegal
Bordered by the North Atlantic Ocean, Mauritania, Mali, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau, the Republic of Senegal is located in Western Africa. Dakar is the capital and a major port. There are a few world heritage sites in Senegal. For instance, the island of Goree, opposite Dakar, was a major centre of the slave trade. Declared as a world heritage site in 1978, buildings include slave quarters and Colonial architecture. Saint-Louis, also on the world heritage list, was founded by the French in the seventeenth century. Niokolo-Koba National Park and Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary, situated within the protected areas of Senegal, feature on the world heritage list.
Senegal had become part of French West Africa in 1895. French West African possessions were governed from Senegal, first from Saint-Louis, then from Dakar. Then in 1946, Senegal became part the French Union, gaining the status of an autonomous republic within French governance in 1958. Senegal became fully independent in 1960.
Agriculture is the biggest employer in Senegal. Agricultural products are corn, millet, rice, sorghum, tomatoes, vegetables, and cotton. The country has substantial exports including groundnuts and fish. Significant foreign exchange is earned through Phosphate mining. Other industries are petroleum, fertilizer, construction materials, ship construction and repair, and agricultural and fish processing. Money deposited by Senegalese working elsewhere in the world and tourism are big contributors to the economy.
While French is the official language in Senegal, other languages spoken are Wolof, Pulaar, Jola and Mandinka. Majority of the people are Muslim.
Rice sometimes served with sauce and vegetables is staple diet in Senegal. The national meal is rice with fish. Millet is another staple in their diet. The cooking medium is often peanut paste and palm oil. Available vegetables include beans, carrots, okra, onions, peppers, potatoes and tomatoes. Fruits grown include bananas, citrus fruits, guavas, mangoes, papayas and watermelons. Palm wine is produced locally.
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